All Articles

Summary: On the basis of machine-building industry area analysis there were defined actuality and a goal of this material. As the applied object of this study, flexible manufacturing system is chosen and also it was given a task of designing an algorithm for investigation of its control system. When creating a control model for a flexible manufacturing system a finite automata was used to describe the operation of a crane manipulator. The capabilities of the finite automata are not enough for a general system analysis of the control object. For a detailed functional analysis with the definition of transfers and productions of this control object, it is necessary to use a more powerful mathematical apparatus, such as Petri net. The study of the control algorithm was held on the basis of the round composed flexible manufacturing module scheme of flexible manufactu-ring system. The resulting algorithm with using the transformation of a finite automata of Petri net allows for the creation of a more correct, efficient and reliable control system for the production module.

Summary: Artificial Intelligence (AI) models are increasingly pivotal in enabling face recognition across various fields, from educational and research settings to public spaces. Effective deployment of these models requires high-performance hardware, such as RTX graphics cards or embedded edge devices like Nvidia's AGX Orin and Jetson Nano. This paper pre-sents a comprehensive benchmarking study comparing the performance of these two devices, representing high and low-power edge computing options, using two face recognition models: ResNet and MobileNet. The benchmarking process assesses each model across two different input sizes deployed on both devices with varied configurations, inclu-ding CPU thread allocation and GPU power distribution within contai-nerized environments. Performance metrics such as inference time, GPU utilization, memory usage, and CPU load are analyzed to determine each device's suitability and efficiency. Additionally, model-specific parameters, including FLOPS, parameter count, and memory footprint, are examined to provide for an in-depth comparison. This paper pre-sents detailed results and analyses of these performance indicators.

Summary: This article presents a comprehensive study of algorithmic bargaining within dynamic pricing systems, focusing on its usability, challenges, and broader market implications. Algorithmic bargaining, increasingly used in industries such as e-commerce, retail, and transportation, allows companies to dynamically adjust prices based on real-time data, consumer behavior, and market conditions. However, its widespread adoption raises significant questions regarding fairness, transparency, and regulatory oversight. Drawing on studies from fields like game theory, behavioral economics, and data science, this research explores the impacts of algorithmic bargaining on both businesses and consumers. While machine learning and deep reinforcement learning technologies enhance pricing efficiency, they also present risks of consumer harm and market manipulation. This paper critically examines the ethical implications, regulatory responses, and potential consequences for competition and consumer welfare. Through an analysis of existing literature, including case studies from various industries, this study provides a balanced evaluation of the benefits and drawbacks of algorithmic bargaining, encouraging a deeper understanding of its multifaceted role in modern pricing strategies.

Summary: This paper aims to study the risk situation of blockchain technology in interactive mobile hospitals. With the development of blockchain technology, interactive mobile hospitals have begun to use blockchain technology to empower technological capabilities in aspects such as diagnosis and treatment management, data security, and sharing. Firstly, by referring to relevant literature, this paper identifies that the existing risks include technical risks, privacy risks, compliance risks, management and operation risks, as well as cognitive and acceptance risks. Then, the entropy method is used to analyze the weights of these risks, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) method is applied to calculate the risk levels. The calculation results show that the overall risk score of blockchain technology in interactive mobile hospitals is 63.3705, among which the technical risk score is 59.3491, the management and operation risk score is 59.8643, the privacy risk score is 65.8097, the compliance risk score is 64.1854, and the cognitive and acceptance risk score is 69.2427. This study conclusion is that the degree of risk of blockchain technology in interactive mobile hospitals is between general and high. Among them, technical risks and management and operation risks are between low and general, while privacy risks, compliance risks, and cognitive and acceptance risks are between general and high. Finally, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions based on the risk conclusions. This paper hopes that the interactive mobile hospital industry can strengthen risk management in aspects such as enhancing technological research and development, protecting privacy, improving laws and regulations, optimizing management processes, and increasing the awareness of all parties so as to promote the healthy and stable development of the entire mobile medical industry.

Summary: This article examines the important role of literature in teaching English as a foreign language. The place of literature in teaching English shows that language learning is not limited to grammatical rules alone, but is also rich in cultural context and emotional aspects. Literature, reflecting the living and dynamic side of language, provides learners with rich material for developing language skills, especially in terms of intercultural dialogue and empathy. Works written in different periods reflect different cultures and life experiences, increasing the social awareness of language learners. Thus, the role of literature in teaching English is to make learning richer and deeper by covering not only the technical aspects of language proficiency, but also their cultural, vulnerable and creative aspects. This helps language learners to form a complex worldview and become more open to different cultures. The article examines the role of literature in cultural context, its impact on the development of language and critical thinking skills.

Summary: The adverse effects of climate change on humanity have been escalating due to environmental degradation. Consequently, nations have been compelled to implement measures to address climate-related challenges. Within this framework, traditional and recently acknowledged factors play a pivotal role in achieving SDGs, particularly SDG-13. This study empirically examines the influence of newly recognized factors, such as the energy transition index (ETI) and environmental policy stringency (EPS), alongside traditional factors like gross domestic product (GDP), renewable energy use (REU), and foreign direct investments (FDI), on the environment, measured through ecological footprint and load capacity factor. Focusing on leading emerging economies— excluding Indonesia and Mexico due to data limitations—the study utilizes data from 2000 to 2020 and applies the kernel-based regularized least squares (KRLS) approach under the marginal effect framework to explore this nexus. The findings indicate that (i) GDP and FDI do not exhibit environmentally friendly characteristics across the examined countries; (ii) REU contributes to environmental preservation only in Brazil; (iii) ETI and EPS do not significantly enhance environmental quality in any of the countries studied; (iv) the KRLS approach demonstrates high predictive accuracy, achieving a 99.6% success rate across various models. Overall, the research highlights the differential marginal effects of these factors on the environment, which vary by factor, percentile, and country. Based on the empirical evidence, the study discusses policy implications for the five leading emerging economies to effectively pursue SDG-13 by leveraging the identified factors.

Summary: Hydrogen technologies are rapidly penetrating all aspects of life, forming the basis of the Hydrogen Civilization of the future. Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin films are widely used in solar cells due to their advantageous optical properties. Here are some key points about their optical characteristics: 1. Optical Band Gap: The optical band gap of a-Si:H can be tuned by adjusting the hydrogen content during deposition. This allows for better absorption of sunlight and improved efficiency in solar cells. 2. Refractive Index: The refractive index of these films is crucial for designing anti-reflective coatings, which enhance the amount of light entering the solar cell. 3. Urbach Energy: This parameter indicates the width of the tail of localized states in the band gap. Lower Urbach energy values are desirable as they signify fewer defects and better electronic properties. 4. Absorption Coefficient: High absorption coefficients in the visible spectrum are essential for thinfilm solar cells to absorb maximum sunlight with minimal material. 5. Hydrogen’s Role: Hydrogenation helps in passivating dangling bonds in the silicon network, reducing defects and improving the material’s optical and electronic properties. These properties make hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin films a popular choice for cost-effective and efficient solar cells. Infrared (IR) absorption spectra are investigated hydrogenated amorphous solid solution films a-Si1-xGex: H (x = 0 ÷ 1) plasma chemical vapor deposition at different partial pressures of hydrogen PH2. Defined force, oscillator, which essentially depended on PH2. It is shown that the hydrogen contained in films mostly in the forms of GeH, SiH. Using integrated acquisitions JW, determined the amount of hydrogen in the films. Film properties depend on the composition and level of hydrogenation. The number of hydrogen atoms in films, varied by changing the composition of the gas mixture. In the work measured IR absorption for films a-Si1-xGex: H, a-Ge:H and a-Si0,88Ge0, 12: H based on films and a-Si: H and a-Si0,88Ge0, 12: H fabricated three-layer solar cells with an area of item 1.3 cm2 and efficiency equal to ~9.5%.

Summary: This paper examines the literary contributions of Azerbaijani writer and critic Gulrukh Alibayli, focusing on her works such as “Our Thinking World” and “Our Struggling World”, as profound reflections on the ecological challenges facing the Caspian region. Through evocative prose and critical analysis, G. Alibayli employs literary techniques to explore the root causes of the Caspian Sea’s ecological decline, including pollution, habitat destruction, and climate change. Her narrative draws attention to the philosophical relationship between humans and nature, portraying the sea as a cultural symbol and a threatened ecosystem. G. Alibayli contrasts the Caspian Sea’s idyllic past with its current degradation, using poetic symbolism and vivid imagery to evoke a sense of loss and urgency. This paper delves into how her works critique societal and systemic attitudes toward environmental stewardship, intertwining themes of patriotism and cultural identity with a call to action. By analyzing her rhetorical and literary strategies, this study situates Alibayli’s advocacy within the broader context of Azerbaijani literature and environmental humanities. Her portrayal of the Caspian Sea’s plight serves as a literary appeal for collective responsibility and sustainable action, offering a nuanced perspective on the interplay between cultural heritage and ecological preservation.

Summary: Parcel delivery networks have grown rapidly during the last few years due to the intensive evolution of online marketplaces. We address the issue of managing the operation of a network’s pick-up point, including the selection of the warehouse’s capacity and the policy for accepting orders for delivery. The existence of the time lag between order placing and delivery to the pick-up point is accounted for via modeling the order’s processing as the service in the dual tandem queueing system. Distinguishing features of this tandem queue are the account of possible irregularity in order generation via consideration of the versatile Markov arrival process and the possibilities of batch transfer of the orders to the pick-up point, group withdrawal of orders there, and client no-show. To reduce the probability of an order rejection at the pick-up point due to the overflow of the warehouse, a threshold strategy of order admission at the first stage on a tandem is proposed. Under the fixed value of the threshold, tandem operation is described by the continuous-time multidimensional Markov chain with a block lower Hessenberg structure for the generator. Stationary performance measures of the tandem system are calculated. Numerical results highlight the dependence of these measures on the capacity of the warehouse and the admission threshold. The possibility of the use of the results for managerial goals is demonstrated. In particular, the results can be used for the optimal selection of the capacity of a warehouse and the policy of suspending order admission.

Summary: Exactly 50 years have passed since the beginning of the active phase of hydrogen energy (since 1974). The start of hydrogen energy in the 20th century was given by the efforts of the Patriarch of hydrogen energy, Professor T. N. Veziroglu. In the early works of Professor T.N. Veziroglu, the direction of solar-hydrogen energy already appears as the cleanest energy for improving the quality of life on the planet. The development of solar energy is carried out fantastically quickly. In 2023, 428 GW of solar energy were added, which is 76% more than the same period last year, as a result of which the total installed solar capacity worldwide reached 1.6 TW. An important direction of the solar-hydrogen system is the work to increase the efficiency of solar photovoltaic panels. In this work, various parameters of films of amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon-carbon alloy (a-nc-Si1-xCx:H (x = 0–1)) doped with phosphorus (PH3) and boron (B2H6) are investigated. The properties of these films obtained on various substrates of quartz, glass and silicon with a coating of Fe, Al, Pd, Ni, Ti, Ag, are studied. The morphology of the obtained nanotubes is studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The structural properties of the films are also studied using infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Cascade solar cells with an area of S = 1.0 cm2 and an efficiency of 14.09% are created. Solar photocells made of amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon-carbon alloy currently have the highest warranty resource - up to 35 years. This allows for long-term investments in the use of land that has a low cost with high benefit. At the same time, a good basis is created for the intensive development of solar-hydrogen energy.