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Summary: This paper deals with critical logarithmic double phase problems of the form −div????(u)=g(x,u)+|u|p∗−2u in Ω, u=0 on ∂Ω, where div????is the logarithmic double phase operator defifined by div(︃|∇u|p−2∇u+μ(x)(︃log(e+|∇u|)+|∇u| q(e+|∇u|))︃|∇u|q−2∇u)︃, eis Euler’s number, Ω⊂RN, N≥2, is a bounded domain with Lipschitz boundary ∂Ω, 1

Summary: Background/Objectives: Genetic polymorphisms in the BRCA2 gene have been implicated in breast cancer susceptibility. While numerous studies have investigated this polymorphism, its precise role in breast cancer development remains unclear. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, no related studies have been conducted in Azerbaijan. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of the BRCA2 Met1915Thr polymorphism (rs4987117) in the Azerbaijani population and to evaluate its potential association with breast cancer risk. Methods: A total of 144 breast cancer patients and 152 healthy controls were recruited from the Oncology Clinic of Azerbaijan Medical University between 2021 and 2024. The Met1915Thr polymorphism was genotyped using PCR-RFLP and visualized on a 2% agarose gel. Results: A statistically significant association with increased breast cancer susceptibility was observed for the heterozygous Met/Thr genotype (OR = 1.83, 95%CI = 1.08–3.11, p = 0.02), the Thr allele (OR = 1.57, 95%CI = 1.12–2.20, p = 0.008), and under the dominant inheritance model (OR = 1.83, 95%CI = 1.15–2.90, p = 0.01). Notably, this association was more evident among individuals aged over 58 years, in whom the Met/Thr genotype conferred a significantly elevated risk (OR = 2.35, 95%CI = 1.17–4.73, p = 0.02). Conclusions: The BRCA2 Met1915Thr polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in the Azerbaijani population. These findings suggest a potential role of this polymorphism in breast cancer susceptibility and highlight the need for further studies in larger cohorts to validate these associations.

Summary: The study aimed to analyse global approaches to the valuation of intellectual property assets in agricultural production and the adaptation to the conditions of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The methodology included a comparative analysis of the practices of the United States of America, Germany, Switzerland and the People’s Republic of China, as well as a detailed study of the activities of agricultural companies John Deere, Bayer CropScience, Syngenta, COFCO Group and Azersun Holding. Data from financial reports, analytics from the World Intellectual Property Organisation, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, and calculations performed in IBM SPSS Statistics version 27 were used. The results demonstrated that the United States of America uses an income approach with a focus on patents and biotechnology, Germany uses a cost approach to value licences and trademarks, the People’s Republic of China uses a comparative approach to value digital platforms and artificial intelligence, and Switzerland uses a hybrid approach. The correlation analysis revealed a high correlation between investment in research and development (R&D) and the number of patents (r = 0.82), which confirmed the impact of investment on the accumulation of intellectual assets. Brand value showed the highest correlation with revenue (r = 0.96) and net profit (r = 0.94). The highest value of intellectual assets in 2024 was found in COFCO Group (USD 15.6 billion), which generated revenue of 130 billion USD. In Azerbaijan, Azersun Holding uses cost and comparative methods due to limited international patent protection and an underdeveloped licensing market. The findings confirmed the key role of intellectual assets and brand value in ensuring the financial sustainability of the agricultural sector

Summary: This study provides the first-reported evidence that aliphatic structured surfactant, N-octylaminopropan-2-ol (OSI), is a novel and effective inhibitor of the aggregation of acidic, island-structured crude oil asphaltenes (AZO). The molecular mechanisms of OSI’s effective dispersion were elucidated using a combination of advanced spectroscopic techniques and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analyses revealed strong interactions between OSI and A-ZO, including hydrogen bonding and acid-base interactions, which prevent asphaltene precipitation in crude oil. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) confirmed the chemisorption of 12.5 % OSI onto A-ZO. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurements showed a significant reduction in the average nanosize of A-ZO in hexane, decreasing from 583 nm to 76 nm after treatment with OSI. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of the A-ZO and OSI mixture revealed the filling of deep grooves and cracks on the rough surface of the asphaltene agglomerates, demonstrating the resin-like dispersion effect of OSI. DFT simulation reveals a binding energy of ???? 28.2 kcal/mol for A-ZO and OSI complex formation. Noncovalent interaction (NCI) analysis shows that van der Waals interactions occur [sign(λ2)ρ ≈ ???? 0.015 to +0.005 au] in a large region between the OSI saturated tail and the A-ZO polycyclic aromatic fragment, which explains experimentally observed well-disperssed state of the hexane + A-ZO mixture after the addition a certain amount of OSI. The detailed, data-driven analysis offers unique molecular-level insights into asphaltene stabilization, presenting OSI as a significant alternative to traditional inhibitors for the oil industry.

Summary: Cocogem surfactants are synthesized based on the neutralization reaction of higher monocarboxylic acids (octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid) and 2:1 mol of N,N’-bis(propyl-2-ol)ethylenedia mine). Krafft temperatures of these surfactants and colloidal chemical properties of their aqueous solutions were determined by using tensiometric and conductometric measurements. Surface activity parameters of cocogem surfactants, critical micelle concentration (CMC), counter-ion binding degree (b), the surface tension reduction effectiveness (pCMC), excess concentration of surface (Cmax), as well as area per molecule at the interface (Amin), Gibbs free energy (DGad and DGmic) values of adsorption and micellar formation processes are calculated. The size of the aggregates formed by anionic cocogem surfactants in an aqueous solution was determined by the DLS method. It was defined that cocogem surfactants have antibacterial properties against SRB, which is considered to be the most dangerous for the oil industry.

Summary: In this study, the complexes synthesized by reactions of oleic acid separately with ethylenediamine and triethylenetetramine were reacted with different moles of propylene oxide to form propoxylated compounds. The obtained propoxylated compounds were characterized by a number of physico-chemical methods. The physical properties of the synthesized surfactants including interfacial tension and critical micelle concentration were determined. From thesemeasurements, themaximum surface excess concentration and the minimum area per molecule at the water solution/ kerosene interface and the standard thermodynamic parameters of adsorption and micellization were calculated. Petroleum-collecting and dispersing properties of the synthesized propoxylated complexes in diluted and undiluted form inwaters of varying salinity have been studied. FTIR spectra, C13 and H1-NMR spectra confirm these complex structures.

Summary: Novel symmetric and dissymmetric pseudo-gemini surfactants are synthesized using ethylpiperazine, propylene oxide and six different fatty acids (capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic) as starting materials. The synthesis follows a simple pathway excluding heating or catalyst. Important surface activity properties including critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface tension at CMC (γCMC), surface pressure at CMC (πCMC), negative logarithm of concentration to achieve 20 mN/ m reduction in surface tension (pC20), minimum area at interface (Amin) and maximum surface excess concentration (Γmax) are obtained through surface tension and electrolytic conductivity measurements. Antimicrobial properties of the synthesized amphiphiles are evaluated using disk diffusion method and are compared to those of standard antibiotic agents. Particle size distribution patterns are obtained using dynamic light scattering (DLS). This work investigates the effect of dissymmetry on various surface activity and antimicrobial properties. Dissymmetric pseudo-gemini amphiphiles have a few times higher CMC compared to analogous symmetric surfactants. However, better antimicrobial properties are observed when there is some dissymmetry between hydrophobic groups.

Summary: In this study, a detailed assessment of interactional conduct between different head-groups of cationic surfactants and different monomer fragments of anionic polyelectrolyte of aqueous media is reported. Tensiometry, conductometry, viscosimetry, dynamic light scattering have been employed to get insight into interactions among cationic surfactant and polyelectrolyte in interfacial region critical aggregation and micellization concentration, surface excess concentration, surface pressure at interface, minimum area occupied with the aid of one molecule of cationic surfactant at air-solvent interface, adsorption efficiency, surface tension at critical micelle concentration and the positive degree of counterion binding had been calculated. Thermodynamic parameters, i.e., standard Gibbs free energy of micellization and adsorption processes had been evaluated. Polyelectrolyte-surfactant interaction used to be studied in dependence on nature of head-group of cationic surfactant and polyelectrolyte chain and their influence on colloidalchemical parameters of polyelectrolyte-surfactant complexes has been compared. Petrocollecting ability of these complexes in the waters of various mineralization degree was investigated.

Summary: The results of microscopic and X-ray studies of polymorphic transformations II ↔ I in K0.945Rb0.055NO3 are discussed. It is shown that the transformations II ↔ I in the studied crystal are enantiotropic in nature and occur with the formation and growth of nuclei of the daughter modification inside the matrix. The equilibrium temperature between the II and I modifications is Т0 = 455 ± 0.5 K. It is determined that in K0.945Rb0.055NO3 the transformation II ↔ I is of a single crystal–single crystal nature.

Summary: New cationic ionic liquid surfactants (ILS) based on (C9-C10, C12 and C14) alkyl bromides and N-2- hydroxypropyl piperidine have been synthesized. Colloidal parameters of aqueous solutions of the obtained ILSs were studied by surface tension and dynamic light scattering methods. Specific electrical conductivity was measured by the conductometric method. Depending on the alkyl chain length, critical micelle concentration (CMC), maximum adsorption (Umax), the minimum cross-sectional area of the surfactant polar group (Amin), adsorption efficiency (pC20), surface pressure (pCMC), degree of counterion binding (b), changes of the Gibbs free energy of micellization and adsorption (DGmic and DGad) were studied. The ILSs antimicrobial properties were tested on various bacteria and fungi.